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The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS), 2023

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The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS), 2023

Section 1.   Short title, commencement and application.

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Section 2.   Definitions.

Section 3.   General explanations.

Section 4.   Punishments.

Section 5.   Commutation of sentence.

Section 6.   Fractions of terms of punishment.

Section 7.   Sentence may be (in certain cases of imprisonment) wholly or partly rigorous or simple.

Section 8.   Amount of fine, liability in default of payment of fine, etc.

Section 9.   Limit of punishment of offence made up of several offences.

Section 10.   Punishment of person guilty of one of several offences, judgment stating that it is doubtful of which.

Section 11.   Solitary confinement.

Section 12.   Limit of solitary confinement.

Section 13.   Enhanced punishment for certain offences after previous conviction.

Section 14.   Act done by a person bound, or by mistake of fact believing himself bound, by law.

Section 15.   Act of Judge when acting judicially.

Section 16.   Act done pursuant to judgment or order of Court.

Section 17.   Act done by a person justified, or by mistake of fact believing himself justified, by law.

Section 18.   Accident in doing a lawful act.

Section 19.   Act likely to cause harm, but done without criminal intent, and to prevent other harm.

Section 20.   Act of a child under seven years of age.

Section 21.   Act of a child above seven and under twelve years of age of immature understanding.

Section 22.   Act of a person of unsound mind.

Section 23.   Act of a person incapable of judgment by reason of intoxication caused against his will.

Section 24.   Offence requiring a particular intent or knowledge committed by one who is intoxicated.

Section 25.   Act not intended and not known to be likely to cause death or grievous hurt, done by consent.

Section 26.   Act not intended to cause death, done by consent in good faith for person’s benefit.

Section 27.   Act done in good faith for benefit of child or person of unsound mind, by, or by consent of guardian.

Section 28.   Consent known to be given under fear or misconception.

Section 29.   Exclusion of acts which are offences independently of harm caused.

Section 30.   Act done in good faith for benefit of a person without consent.

Section 31.   Communication made in good faith.

Section 32.   Act to which a person is compelled by threats.

Section 33.   Act causing slight harm.

Section 34.   Things done in private defence.

Section 35.   Right of private defence of body and of property.

Section 36.   Right of private defence against act of a person of unsound mind, etc.

Section 37.   Acts against which there is no right of private defence.

Section 38.   When right of private defence of body extends to causing death.

Section 39.   When such right extends to causing any harm other than death.

Section 40.   Commencement and continuance of right of private defence of body.

Section 41.   When right of private defence of property extends to causing death.

Section 42.   When such right extends to causing any harm other than death.

Section 43.   Commencement and continuance of right of private defence of property.

Section 44.   Right of private defence against deadly assault when there is risk of harm to innocent person.

Section 45.   Abetment of a thing.

Section 46.   Abettor.

Section 47.   Abetment in India of offences outside India.

Section 48.   Abetment outside India for offence in India.

Section 49.   Punishment of abetment if act abetted is committed in consequence and where no express provision is made for its punishment.

Section 50.   Punishment of abetment if person abetted does act with different intention from that of abettor.

Section 51.   Liability of abettor when one act abetted and different act done.

Section 52.   Abettor when liable to cumulative punishment for act abetted and for act done.

Section 53.   Liability of abettor for an effect caused by act abetted different from that intended by abettor.

Section 54.   Abettor present when offence is committed.

Section 55.   Abetment of offence punishable with death or imprisonment for life.

Section 56.   Abetment of offence punishable with imprisonment.

Section 57.   Abetting commission of offence by public or by more than ten persons.

Section 58.   Concealing design to commit offence punishable with death or imprisonment for life.

Section 59.   Public servant concealing design to commit offence which it is his duty to prevent.

Section 60.   Concealing design to commit offence punishable with imprisonment.

Section 61.   Criminal conspiracy.

Section 62.   Punishment for attempting to commit offences punishable with imprisonment for life or other imprisonment.

Section 63.   Rape.

Section 64.   Punishment for rape.

Section 65.   Punishment for rape in certain cases.

Section 66.   Punishment for causing death or resulting in persistent vegetative state of victim.

Section 67.   Sexual intercourse by husband upon his wife during separation.

Section 68.   Sexual intercourse by a person in authority.

Section 69.   Sexual intercourse by employing deceitful means, etc.

Section 70.   Gang rape.

Section 71.   Punishment for repeat offenders.

Section 72.   Disclosure of identity of victim of certain offences, etc.

The Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS), 2023

Chapter 1 – Preliminary

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Chapter 2 – Constitution Of Criminal Courts And Offices

Chapter 3 – Power Of Courts 

Chapter 4 – Powers Of Superior Officers Of Police And Aid To The Magistrates And The Police

Chapter 5 – Arrest Of Persons

Chapter 6 – Processes To Compel Appearance

Chapter 7 – Processes To Compel The Production Of Things

Chapter 8 – Reciprocal Arrangements For Assistance In Certain Matters And Procedure For Attachment And Forfeiture Of Property

Chapter 9 – Security For Keeping The Peace And For Good Behaviour

Chapter 10 – Order For Maintenance Of Wives, Children And Parents

Chapter 11 – Maintenance Of Public Order And Tranquillity

Chapter 12 – Preventive Action Of The Police

Chapter 13 – Information To The Police And Their Powers To Investigate

Chapter 14 – Jurisdiction Of The Criminal Courts In Inquiries And Trials

Chapter 15 – Conditions Requisite For Initiation Of Proceedings

Chapter 16 – Complaints To Magistrates

Chapter 17 – Commencement Of Proceedings Before Magistrates

Chapter 18 – The Charge

Chapter 19 – Trial Before A Court Of Session

Chapter 20 – Trial Of Warrant-cases By Magistrates

Chapter 21 – Trial Of Summons-cases By Magistrates

Chapter 22 – Summary Trials

Chapter 23 – Plea Bargaining

Chapter 24 – Attendance Of Persons Confined Or Detained In Prisons

Chapter 25 – Evidence In Inquiries And Trials

Chapter 26 – General Provisions As To Inquiries And Trials

Chapter 27 – Provisions As To Accused Persons Of Unsound Mind

Chapter 28 – Provisions As To Offences Affecting The Administration Of Justice

Chapter 29 – The Judgment

Chapter 30 – Appeal

Chapter 31 – Reference & revision

Chapter 32 – Transfer of Power of Criminal Cases

Chapter 33 – Execution, Suspension, Remission and Commutation of Sentences

Chapter 34 – Provision of Bail and Bond

Chapter 35 – Disposal of Property

Chapter 36 – Irregular Proceeding.

Chapter 37 – Limitation For Taking Cognizance Of Certain Offences

Chapter 38 – Miscellaneous

Chapter 38- Miscellaneous

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The Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS), 2023

Section 1.   Short title, extent and commencement.

TheBharatiyaNyayaSanhita.IN -

Section 2.   Definitions.

Section 3.   Construction of references.

Section 4.   Trial of offences under Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 and other laws.

Section 5.   Saving.

Section 6.   Classes of Criminal Courts.

Section 7.   Territorial divisions.

Section 6.   Classes of Criminal Courts.

Section 7.   Territorial divisions.

Section 8.   Court of Session.

Section 9.   Courts of Judicial Magistrates.

Section 10.   Chief Judicial Magistrate and Additional Chief Judicial Magistrate, etc.

Section 11.   Special Judicial Magistrates.

Section 12.   Local Jurisdiction of Judicial Magistrates.

Section 13.   Subordination of Judicial Magistrates.

Section 14.   Executive Magistrates.

Section 15.   Special Executive Magistrates.

Section 16.   Local Jurisdiction of Executive.

Section 17.   Subordination of Executive Magistrates.

Section 18.   Public Prosecutors.

Section 19.   Assistant Public Prosecutors.

Section 20.   Directorate of Prosecution.

Section 21.   Courts by which offences are triable.

Section 22.   Sentences which High Courts and Sessions Judges may pass.

Section 23.   Sentences which Magistrates may pass.

Section 24.   Sentence of imprisonment in default of fine.

Section 25.   Sentence in cases of conviction of several offences at one trial.

Section 26.   Mode of conferring powers.

Section 27.   Powers of officers appointed.

Section 28.   Withdrawal of powers.

Section 29.   Powers of Judges and Magistrates exercisable by their successors-in-office.

Section 30.   Powers of superior officers of police.

Section 31.   Public when to assist Magistrates and police.

Section 32.   Aid to person, other than police officer, executing warrant.

Section 33.   Public to give information of certain offences.

Section 34.   Duty of officers employed in connection with affairs of a village to make certain report.

Section 35.   When police may arrest without warrant.

Section 36.   Procedure of arrest and duties of officer making arrest.

Section 37.   Designated police officer.

Section 38.   Right of arrested person to meet an advocate of his choice during interrogation.

Section 39.   Arrest on refusal to give name and residence.

Section 40.   Arrest by private person and procedure on such arrest.

Section 41.   Arrest by Magistrate.

Section 42.   Protection of members of Armed Forces from arrest.

Section 43.   Arrest how made.

Section 44.   Search of place entered by person sought to be arrested.

Section 45.   Pursuit of offenders into other jurisdictions.

Section 46.   No unnecessary restraint.

Section 47.   Person arrested to be informed of grounds of arrest and of right to bail.

Section 48.   Obligation of person making arrest to inform about arrest, etc., to relative or friend.

Section 49.   Search of arrested person.

Section 50.   Power to seize offensive weapons.

Section 51.   Examination of accused by medical practitioner at request of police officer.

Section 52.   Examination of person accused of rape by medical practitioner.

Section 53.   Examination of arrested person by medical officer.

The Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023

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The Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023

Section 1.   Short title, application and commencement.

TheBharatiyaNyayaSanhita.IN -

Section 2.   Definitions.

Section 3.   Evidence may be given of facts in issue and relevant facts.

Section 4.   Relevancy of facts forming part of same transaction.

Section 5.   Facts which are occasion, cause or effect of facts in issue or relevant facts.

Section 6.   Motive, preparation and previous or subsequent conduct.

Section 7.   Facts necessary to explain or introduce fact in issue or relevant facts.

Section 8.   Things said or done by conspirator in reference to common design.

Section 9.   When facts not otherwise relevant become relevant.

Section 10.   Facts tending to enable Court to determine amount are relevant in suits for damages.

Section 11.   Facts relevant when right or custom is in question.

Section 12.   Facts showing existence of state of mind, or of body or bodily feeling.

Section 13.   Facts bearing on question whether act was accidental or intentional.

Section 14.   Existence of course of business when relevant.

Section 15.   Admission defined.

Section 16.   Admission by party to proceeding or his agent.

Section 17.   Admissions by persons whose position must be proved as against party to suit.

Section 18.   Admissions by persons expressly referred to by party to suit.

Section 19.   Proof of admissions against persons making them, and by or on their behalf.

Section 20.   When oral admissions as to contents of documents are relevant.

Section 21.   Admissions in civil cases when relevant.

Section 22.   Confession caused by inducement, threat, coercion or promise, when irrelevant in criminal proceeding.

Section 23.   Confession to police officer.

Section 24.   Consideration of proved confession affecting person making it and others jointly under trial for same offence.

Section 25.   Admissions not conclusive proof, but may estop.

Section 26.   Cases in which statement of relevant fact by person who is dead or cannot be found, etc., is relevant

Section 27.   Relevancy of certain evidence for proving, in subsequent proceeding, truth of facts therein stated.

Section 28.   Entries in books of account when relevant.

Section 29.   Relevancy of entry in public record or an electronic record made in performance of duty.

Section 30.   Relevancy of statements in maps, charts and plans.

Section 31.   Relevancy of statement as to fact of public nature contained in certain Acts or notifications.

Section 32.   Relevancy of statements as to any law contained in law books including electronic or digital form.

Section 33.   What evidence to be given when statement forms part of a conversation, document, electronic record, book or series of letters or papers.

Section 34.   Previous judgments relevant to bar a second suit or trial.

Section 35.   Relevancy of certain judgments in probate, etc., jurisdiction.

Section 36.   Relevancy and effect of judgments, orders or decrees, other than those mentioned in section 35.

Section 37.   Judgments, etc., other than those mentioned in sections 34, 35 and 36 when relevant.

Section 38.   Fraud or collusion in obtaining judgment, or incompetency of Court, may be proved.

Section 39.   Opinions of experts.

Section 40.   Facts bearing upon opinions of experts.

Section 41.   Opinion as to handwriting and signature, when relevant.

Section 42.   Opinion as to existence of general custom or right, when relevant.

Section 43.   Opinion as to usages, tenets, etc., when relevant.

Section 44.   Opinion on relationship, when relevant.

Section 45.   Grounds of opinion, when relevant.

Section 46.   In civil cases character to prove conduct imputed, irrelevant.

Section 47.   In criminal cases previous good character relevant.

Section 48.   Evidence of character or previous sexual experience not relevant in certain cases.

Section 49.   Previous bad character not relevant, except in reply.

Section 50.   Character as affecting damages.

Section 51.   Fact judicially noticeable need not be proved.

Section 52.   Facts of which Court shall take judicial notice.

Section 53.   Facts admitted need not be proved.

Section 54.   Proof of facts by oral evidence.

Section 55.   Oral evidence to be direct.

Section 56.   Proof of contents of documents.

Section 57.   Primary evidence.

Section 58.   Secondary evidence.

Section 59.   Proof of documents by primary evidence.

Section 60.   Cases in which secondary evidence relating to documents maybe given.

Section 61.   Electronic or digital record.

Section 62.   Special provisions as to evidence relating to electronic record.

Section 63.   Admissibility of electronic records.

Section 64.   Rules as to notice to produce.

Section 65.   Proof of signature and handwriting of person alleged to have signed or written document produced.

Section 66.   Proof as to electronic signature.

Section 67.   Proof of execution of document required by law to be attested.

Section 68.   Proof where no attesting witness found.

Section 69.   Admission of execution by party to attested document.

Section 70.   Proof when attesting witness denies execution.

Section 71.   Proof of document not required by law to be attested.

Section 72.   Comparison of signature, writing or seal with others admitted or proved.

Section 73.   Proof as to verification of digital signature.

Section 74.   Public and private documents.

Section 75.   Certified copies of public documents.

Section 76.   Proof of documents by production of certified copies.

Section 77.   Proof of other official documents.

Section 78.   Presumption as to genuineness of certified copies.

Section 79.   Presumption as to documents produced as record of evidence, etc.

Section 80.   Presumption as to Gazettes, newspapers, and other documents.

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